ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОВІДНИХ ОСОБИСТІСНИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ В ОСІБ ЮНАЦЬКОГО ВІКУ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of modern peculiarities of the structure and types of personal values in persons of youthful age. The study is based on the study of foreign and domestic achievements of psychological science. Highlights and analyzes the dynamics of changes in the structure of personal values of adolescent’s. The interrelation of all levels as subsystems of the value structure of personality according to age and social characteristics of this age period for almost the studied sample of students. The main question in the study of values on the individual level - you can highlight a group of values shared by all people in all cultures? Step towards the solution of this question makes S. Schwartz in its multinational survey aimed at identifying the values which people consider to be their main life principles. The creation of the concept of values by S. Schwartz (1992) was first associated with the development of the project for the study of universal values in different cultures. S. Schwartz and V. BLK justified the unity, the universality of the structure of human values (motivational types) regardless of the characteristics of culture and society: 1. Values are beliefs that have emotional overtones. 2. Values are the desired human goals (e.g., equality) and behavior which contributes to the achievement of these goals (e.g., honesty). 3. Values are not restricted to certain actions or situations (i.e., they are transcendental). For example, attitude to work or to school, to sport or to business, to family, to friends or strangers. 4. Values act as standards that guide the selection or evaluation of actions, people and events. 5. Values are ordered by importance relative to each other and constitute a system of value priorities. Different cultures and personalities can be characterized by their value priorities [7]. The study of values by S. Schwartz and V. BLS, can be performed on two levels of analysis: at the level of personal (individual characteristics) and at the level of culture. For individuals that values are the motivated goals that serve as guiding principles in their lives. At a young age is actively developing a worldview, “self – concept”, which is associated with social and internal changes, particularly with the development of personal values, attitude. Psychology students adolescence is characterized by the specific social situation of development: vocational education, a semi-independent adult life. In the leading professionallycognitive activity develop age-related tumors (readiness for selfrealization in professional and personal spheres). The Central direction in which reflects the personality of the student, the system of generalized semantic concepts or personal values and attitudes. The data bring to the fore the importance for today’s youth [in the region] in terms of social and economic crisis, the fighting, the increased level of criminality in the country, highest level - “core”- the value of security, a sense of security, achieving personal success through competence, restrict, avoid their intentions, actions that harm others or violate social norms (a motivation unit “conformity”). Middle level – “reserve” - is - the achievement of self-understanding, self-acceptance and understanding of others (motivational block “universalism”), independence of judgment and action as their own capabilities (motivational unit “independence”), the desire to achieve and maintain positive relationships with loved ones (motivational block “benevolence”), but to be able to its own independence (motivational block “stimulation”). Low level – “periphery as latent subsystem” - make hedonism as a personal experience of fun, pleasure, prestige, dominance over people, to have more access to material resources (motivational unit “power”), respect and responsibility for cultural and religious customs and ideas” (motivation block “traditions”).