ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПСИХІЧНИХ РИС ТА РОЗЛАДІВ АДАПТАЦІЇ ОСОБИСТОСТІ, ЯКА ЗАЗНАЛА ТРАВМУ

Abstract

The article presents the psychological characteristics of individuals with post-traumatic stress disorders and disorders of adaptation of the civilian population, which is in the fighting activities situation. Presented studies analyze personality traits that have PTSD, adaptation disorder, PTSD combined with adaptation disorder. The psychological theories of the development of psychopathic character and inclinations sustainable change under the influence of mental trauma by V.A. Gilyarovsky and E.K. Krasnushkina were analyzed; the idea of “proceeds” of personal change by P.B. Gannushkina and others was mentioned. The results of empirical research conducted by H. B. Akhmedov from 1996 to 2001 in Chechnya and Ingushetia were represented. Posttraumatic personality changes that occur in civilians as a result of traumatic events experienced military etiology can be classified in three groups of surveyed, who have: only PTSD; adaptation disorder; PTSD combined with adaptation disorder. For all groups the following common features are distinctive: alienation, isolation, suspicion, frustration, high anxiety, guilt, prudence, conservatism, practicality. The results of this study confirm the need for psychotherapeutic interventions with individuals suffering from PTSD and/or adaptation disorder, because they experienced stressful war events. Particular attention should be paid to persons with severe overvalued idea of revenge.